Summer Weeds 3: Page 2, (Aliens in red)
Solanaceae (Nightshade)
Physalis heterophylla Clammy Ground Cherry: Glandular pubescent stems, coarsely toothed leaves, thick roots. Bi-colored flowers droop from pedicels in leaf axils. Yellow berries enclosed in a papery inflated calyx, edible when ripe but the plant itself is toxic.
Solanaceae
Physalis subglabrata Smooth Ground Cherry: Narrower less toothed leaves; almost hairless. Related to Physalis alkekengi Chinese Lantern.
Chenopodiaceae (Goosefoot)
Chenopodium album Lamb's Quarters: Thrives on rich soils so is a problem in gardens and farm fields. It enjoys some favor with the natural food folks. Triangular edible leaves.
Poaceae
Setaria glauca Yellow Foxtail: Annual. Stiff, erect spikes subtended by yellowish bristles. Seed head more erect than S. magna Giant Foxtail. Pubescence on upper surface of the blade near the collar only. The sheath and the remainder of the blade are smooth. The ligule is a ring of hairs 1mm long.
Poaceae
Hordeum jubatum Foxtail Barley: Native to Alaska. In disturbed alkaline or saline soil. Flowers are arranged in spikes with long reddish awns that turn cream when mature.
Asteraceae
Solidago gigantea Giant (Late) Goldenrod: Actually one of the earlier goldenrods to bloom. Stem smooth, often glaucous, and reddish (green in shade). Inflorescence usually a one-sided, arching panicle. May hybridize with Tall Goldenrod (S. altissima). Moist soil.
Urticaceae (Nettle)
Urtica dioica Stinging Nettle: Tiny greenish flowers are in slender, branched, interrupted spikes from the upper leaf axils. Stinging hair on stem; stipules; rugose leaves.
Polygonaceae
Polygonum persicaria Lady's Thumb: Moist soil. Leaves typically have a dark green "V"-shaped splotch.
Polygonaceae
Polygonum pennsylvanicum Pennsylvania smartweed (Pinkweed): Clusters of tiny pink flowers form atop this tall plant. Glands on petiole. No thumbprint.